Milgram's Experiement

1961 Stanley milgram conducted a experiment to see if law abiding citizens would give a stranger a lethal shock.In the original vote over 65% of the people went to 450 volts.

In 1970 the experiment was given again By Michael C.9 out 12 contributed shocks.

In the Milgram experiement,I was informed as quoted that " People believe science is a positive product.It produces beneficial findings and knowledge for society to work 

Scientist can't force you to do anything, but draws people in by making it essential to continue."

I find this quote to go hand in hand with what I read in chapter 5.Chapter 5 states that,"the amount of power that we have heavily influences what we can accomplish in life,whether at home,at work,or in our community".In this chapter I also learned that people with more resources typically have more power,and those with power can use it to obtain more resources".

Milgram's experiement can relate to legitimate power.Which is exercised by those who invoke a feeling of obligation.The participants felt that the scientist held some high authority that they mentally made a choice probably without fully understanding when he said,"It's require for you to finish the experiment".

I feel people deal with legitimate power everyday.We feel as though certain people have a higher standing in life so we  follow.Ex.teachers,bosses,parents,police,govt.At work I listen to my supervisors,boss and follow what they say in hopes that they're leading me to the right direction.Sometimes I feel when I'm having misunderstanding.I then use the power I have to let them know how I feel.And from there it can be positive or negative consequences.

The Meaning of Social Control

The  meaning of social control

Peter berger

When reading this article I had an understanding that Social control means , control of individual behavior by society, and that control of social institutions should be in the interest and welfare of the whole society. 

In the article "The meaning of social control", I found that there were different social controls that were ordered from the most important to least important.

1. physical violence,One main point that was stated in the article was that,"all men live in social situations in which,if all other means of coercion fail,violence may be officially and legally used against them.

2. Economy  control - threatens on livelihood or profit

3.opprobrium and ostracism- "shunning" example:Depending on what negative situation a person does the outcome is that him/her is not to be talk to by anyone and to be considered norm less.

4.circle of ones family & friends- circle that an individual normally has most important social ties.

The circle is what keeps a person mentally,emotionally,and spiritually sane.

 

Peter Beger's article "The meaning of social control"  stated that "No society can exist without social control" to back up this statement i found that in chapter 4 it relates to the article 

Because on chapter 4 it states that;

"Ethnomethodologists believe that social structure exists precisely because we are constantly creating it as we construct and reconstruct social order in our daily routines."

In chapter 4 "creating and changing social structure" I learned that 

We experience socisl structure as a unchanged pattern.Its our behavior that we live by everyday  that seem permanent,natural,and inevitable.

Chapter 4 also states that,social structure is rooted in the everyday activity of individuals in a society.Sociologists use two key concepts-status and role- to help understand what links people to one another and to the patterns that constitute social structure.

"The meaning of Social control" can relate to Organizational structure which refers to the rules and routines,both formal and informal,that shape daily activity  within organizations.

The Promise and Pitfalls of Going Into the Field

The Promise and Pitfalls of Going Into the Field

As stated in the article,"The Promise and Pitfalls of Going Into the Field",Ethnography, as we defined it when we edited
the Journal of Contemporary Ethnography,
includes observing social activities as an outsider,
observing while participating in the activities, and
conducting intensive interviews. Considered the
most accessible to readers of all the social scientific
methods, ethnography draws on the language and
perspective of everyday members of society, and is
often written like investigative journalism. A successful
ethnography captures readers’ fancies,
bringing them closer to the lives of others, and, like
a good movie or book, offers insight into people’s
ordinary worlds. Literally translated as a “portrait of
the people,” ethnography describes and analyzes the
beliefs, motivations, and rationales of a people in a
particular setting or subculture

I found that the article "The Promise and Pitfalls of Going into the field" relates to "Sociology's Common Ground:Culture,Structure,and Power in chapter 1.In "Common Ground Culture;It was said that "daily life tends to be ordered by various informal patterns of behavior,or social structures."Family structure",for example,even though there's no formal organizational by-laws that regulate the behavior of such groups.There are,however,legal standards,social norms,and common pratices that establish the "rules" of family life.So,both topics,explain the reason why people are acustom to what they do based on beliefs,settings,and way of life.

Standford Prison Experiment

Standford Prison Experiment
The Standford prison experiment was a study of the psychological effects of becoming a prisoner and a prison guard.The experiment was held at Standford university. Twenty-four male students out of 75 were selected to take on randomly assigned roles of prisoners and guards in a prison situated in the basement of the Stanford psychology building. The participants adapted to their roles well beyond Zimbardo's expectations, as the guards enforced  measures and subjected some of the prisoners to psychological torture. Many of the prisoners  accepted psychological abuse and, at the request of the guards.The experiment even affected Zimbardo himself, who, in his role as the superintendent, permitted the abuse to continue.

Sense and Nonsense About Surveys
In the article the,"Sense and Nonsense About Surveys",It stated that surveys remain our best tool for learning about large populations. One remarkable advantage surveys
have over some other methods is the ability to
identify their own limitations, as illustrated by the
development of both probability theory in sampling
and experiments in questioning. In the end, however,
with surveys as with all research methods, there
is no substitute for both care and intelligence in the
way evidence is gathered and interpreted. What we
learn about society is always mediated by the instruments
we use, including our own eyes and ears. As
Isaac Newton wrote long ago, error is not in the art
but in the artificers.

The article "sense and Nonsense about surveys" and the "Standford Prison Experiment", i thought to me interesting.As though one is about experiments the other is about surveys.The difference between surveys and experiments is that:Experimentation produces either one or no outcome.Surveying gathers many opinions which can subsequently be analyzed and a general concensus determined.But I felt like both topics were similar being that surveys and experiments are both set out to find some type of information to the unknown.And is data that is always updated because its due to either change or stay the same.